IP Addressing:

There are two versions of IPs

1. IP version 4: offers IPs up to 4.2 billion (32 bit size)
2. IP version 6: 128 bit size.

IP address is used for identifying the system and provides communication.
IP address is of 32 bits divided in four octets.
Each Octet is of 8 bits, separated by a (.) dot.
IP is a combination of Network ID & Host ID.
Uses subnet mask to differentiate Network ID with Host ID.
Subnet mask acts like a mask between Network ID & the Host ID.
Numbers range between 0-255.

Organizations responsible for assigning IPs to clients.

IANA: Internet Assign Naming Authority.
ICANN: Internet Corporation assigning for name Numbers.
IANA has classified IP addressing into classes.

Class A: 1-126(used in LAN/WAN)
Class B: 128 – 191(used in LAN/WAN)
Class C: 192 – 223(used in LAN/WAN)
Class D: 224 – 239 (used for multi casting)
Class E: 240 – 254 (used for experimentation & research)